Energy from the Quantum Vacuum: Powering Novel Propulsion for a New Frontier in Space Exploration Instead of relying on chemical propulsion, new approaches are exploring how to extract energy from quantum vacuum fluctuations—the ever-present energy of empty space. Conventionally, it is thought that the ever-present quantum energy of the electromagnetic vacuum is inaccessible, however the International Space Federation has discovered that high coherence modes of QVFs liberate tremendous levels of